5 Types of Sump Pumps with Pros and Cons

Written By Adam Paul - Waterproofing Expert

Sump pump types are mainly based on the sump pump design and its function. These sump pumps are mainly 5 types: submersible sump pumps, pedestal sump pumps, battery-powered backup sump pumps, water-powered backup sump pumps, and combined sump pump systems.

Each sump pump type has specific pros and cons, efficiency, power supply, floating switch mechanism, discharge capacity, and installation method. When you choose a sump pump you should consider, basement flooding, budget, power supply, and reliability.

Based of these essential factors, Aqviz experts recommend to choose these sump pumps according to your requirements.

Choose a sump pump + battery backup for heavy basement flooding.
Choose a pedestal sump pump for budget-friendly option and moderate water intrusion.
Choose a primary pump with battery or water-powered backup pump if you have power problem.
Choose a combination sump pump for the most reliable, worry-free system.

So let's dive depth of each sump pump type.

1. Submersible Sump Pump

A submersible sump pump is a fully enclosed unit designed to sit inside the sump pit and it is completely submerged in water. It activates automatically when water levels rise with the floating switch function. It removes excess water to prevent basement flooding. With a waterproof motor, it operates safely underwater, making it a reliable choice for flood-prone areas. It runs quietly with minimal vibration due to it is being operated underwater.

In terms of efficiency, submersible sump pumps outperform pedestal models because they can pump larger volumes of water more quickly. They are best installed in deeper sump pits, ensuring they remain fully submerged to prevent overheating. These pumps require a standard electrical connection (usually 110-120V in the U.S.). You can have a battery backup if you need for power cuts. We highly recommend you to conduct routine maintenance including cleaning debris from the pump, checking the float switch, and inspecting the discharge line to ensure smooth operation.

Pros of submersible sump pump

Higher pumping capacity: Submersible sump pumps can move large volumes of water that helps to control heavy flooding situations.
Quiet operation: These pumps produce minimal noise and vibration since they sit inside the sump pit and are submerged in water.
Space-saving design: Unlike pedestal pumps, submersibles remain inside the sump pit, keeping basement space clear.
Automatic activation: The pump turns on automatically when water reaches a certain level, eliminating the need for manual operation.
Prevents overheating: The surrounding water keeps the pump motor cool, allowing it to run longer without damage.

Cons of Submersible Sump Pump

Higher cost: Submersible sump pumps are more expensive upfront compared to pedestal models.
Shorter lifespan: Constant water exposure to the submersible pumps can lead to faster wear and tear, reducing durability over time.
Difficult maintenance: Since the submersible sump pump sits inside the pit, it must be removed for servicing or repairs.
Power dependency: Submersible sump stop working without a battery backup during power outages this may cause to increase fin flood risk.
Installation complexity: A deeper sump pit is required, which may involve more excavation during installation.

2. Pedestal Sump Pump

A pedestal sump pump is a type of sump pump where the motor sits above the sump pit while the intake pipe extends down into the water. Unlike submersible pumps, the motor remains dry, reducing exposure to moisture and extending its lifespan. This design makes pedestal pumps an affordable and long-lasting option for homeowners who need a reliable sump pump without the added cost of submersible models. Since the motor is positioned above the water level, these pumps tend to be noisier but are easier to access for maintenance and repairs.

In terms of efficiency, pedestal sump pumps typically move less water than submersible models. Pedestal sump pumps are suitable for moderate water intrusion rather than severe flooding. They are best installed in narrow sump pits, as their design does not require full submersion. These pumps run on a standard electrical connection (110-120V in the U.S.) but should be paired with a battery backup to function during power outages. You should conduct regular maintenance for the higher lifespan of the pump.

Pros of Pedestal Sump Pump

Longer lifespan: Pedestal sump pumps have a longer lifespan due to the motor stays dry. It reduces wear and tear and makes pedestal pumps last longer than submersible models.
Lower cost: Pedestal sump pumps are more budget-friendly upfront, making them a cost-effective choice.
Easy maintenance: Since the pedestal sump pump motor is above the pit, it's easy to access for repairs and servicing.
Compact sump pit requirement: Pedestal pumps work in narrow sump pits, making them suitable for homes with limited space.
Less risk of overheating: Due to the Pedestal sump pump motor remaining outside of the water it helps to reduce the chance of overheating-related failure.

Cons of Pedestal Sump Pump

Lower pumping capacity: Pedestal sump pumps move less water than submersible models, making them less effective for heavy flooding.
Noisy operation: Pedestal sump pumps produce more noise and vibration compared to submersible pumps.
Less stable design: Pedestal pumps may tip over if not properly secured.
More visible: The motor sits above the pit, making it less aesthetically pleasing and potentially in the way.
Higher risk of clogging: The intake pipe of pedestal sump pumps is thinner and can clog more easily. Hence it requires regular cleaning.

3. Battery-Powered Backup Sump Pump

A battery-powered backup sump pump is a secondary sump pump that activates when the primary sump pump fails due to power outages or mechanical failure. It runs on a rechargeable battery, ensuring continuous water removal even during storms or electrical disruptions. This type of sump pump is an essential safeguard for homeowners, especially in flood-prone areas where power loss is common during heavy rains. The backup pump typically installs alongside the primary pump and operates automatically when it detects rising water levels.

In terms of efficiency, battery backup sump pumps are not as powerful as submersible or pedestal pumps, but they are crucial in emergencies. They can pump thousands of gallons per charge, depending on the battery capacity. These systems are installed alongside the primary sump pump and use a dedicated battery supply, typically a 12V or 24V deep-cycle battery. You should maintain this by checking the battery charge regularly, testing the system before storm seasons, and replacing the battery every 3-5 years for optimal performance.

Pros of Battery-Powered Backup Sump Pump

Works during power outages: Battery powered backup sump pump ensures basement protection even when electricity is lost.
Automatic activation: The pump turns on when the primary pump fails. This provides seamless flood protection.
Prevents basement flooding: Battery powered backup sump pump acts as a safety net. It reduces the risk of water damage during storms.
Compatible with existing systems: Battery powered backup sump pump can be installed alongside any primary sump pump for added security.
Easy installation: Battery powered backup sump pump do not need major plumbing modifications. It can update quickly.

Cons of Battery-Powered Backup Sump Pump

Limited pumping capacity: Battery powered backup sump pump can only handle a moderate amount of water compared to primary sump pumps.
Battery replacement required: Battery powered backup sump pump battery needs periodic replacement, adding to long-term costs.
Short runtime: Battery powered backup sump pump depending on the battery size, it may only last several hours before needing a recharge.
Higher upfront cost: The combination of the battery powered backup sump pump and deep-cycle battery increases initial investment.
Regular maintenance needed: Batteries must be tested frequently to ensure they hold a charge when needed.

4. Water-Powered Backup Sump Pump

A water-powered backup sump pump is an emergency pump that operates using water pressure instead of electricity or batteries. It connects directly to a home’s municipal water supply and uses the Venturi effect to create suction and remove water from the sump pit. This type of backup pump is a great solution for homeowners who want a low-maintenance, long-lasting flood protection system without relying on electricity or batteries. However, it is only suitable for homes with a strong and consistent municipal water supply.

In terms of efficiency, water-powered sump pumps are less powerful than battery backups, but they offer unlimited runtime as long as the municipal water supply remains active. They are installed near the main sump pump and require a dedicated water line. Since they rely on water flow, they do not work in homes with well water systems.

Pros of Water-Powered Backup Sump Pump

No electricity or batteries needed: Water powered backup sump pump runs continuously as long as municipal water pressure is available.
Unlimited runtime: Unlike battery backups, this pump doesn’t run out of power.
Low maintenance: Water powered backup sump pump requires minimal upkeep compared to battery-operated pumps.
Automatic activation: Water powered backup sump pump turns on when the primary pump fails, providing seamless flood protection.
Long lifespan: Water powered backup sump pump has fewer mechanical parts meaning it lasts longer with less wear and tear.

Cons of Water-Powered Backup Sump Pump

Requires municipal water supply
Lower pumping capacity: Water powered backup sump pump runs and moves less water than battery or electric sump pumps.
Higher water usage: Water powered backup sump pump uses a significant amount of water to operate, which may increase water bills.
Potential water restrictions
Complex installation: Water powered backup sump pump runs require a dedicated water line and may need professional plumbing modifications.

5. Combination Sump Pump System

A combination sump pump system integrates a primary sump pump (either submersible or pedestal) with a backup pump (battery-powered or water-powered) in a single unit. This system ensures that even if the primary pump fails due to mechanical issues or power loss, the backup pump automatically takes over. It's an all-in-one solution for homeowners who want maximum flood protection without installing separate backup components.

In terms of efficiency, combination sump pumps offer dual-layer protection, making them one of the most reliable options available. They are best installed in homes prone to heavy flooding where basement water management is a top priority. The primary pump uses a standard 110-120V electrical supply, while the backup operates on either a battery or municipal water pressure. Maintenance includes routine checks on both the primary and backup pumps, battery inspections (if applicable), and cleaning of the intake and discharge pipes to prevent blockages.

Pros of Combination Sump Pump System

Dual protection: Combined sump pump system provides both primary and backup pumping in one system for maximum security.
Automatic backup activation: The backup pump kicks in immediately if the primary fails.
Space-saving design: Combines two pumps in a single unit, reducing clutter in the sump pit.
Seamless operation: Combined sump pump system designed for continuous protection without manual intervention.
Ideal for high-risk areas: A combined sump pump system is best for homes in flood-prone regions with frequent power outages.

Cons of Combination Sump Pump System

Higher upfront cost: A combined sump pump system is more expensive than a standalone sump or backup pump.
Complex installation: The combined sump pump system requires a professional setup due to its dual-pump system.
Increased maintenance: The combined sump pump system requires regular checks on both the primary and backup components.
Battery or water reliance: The backup depends on either a battery (which needs replacement) or municipal water pressure (which may not always be sufficient).
Larger sump pit needed: Some combination systems require a bigger pit to accommodate both pumps.

What type of Sump Pump Do I need?

You should choose the right types of sump pump based on the home water management need, budget, and installation preferences. So here are Aqviz's recommendations for the sump pump. We considered basement flooding, budget, power supply, and reliability when choosing the right type of sump pump for you.

If you regularly deal with heavy basement flooding, go with a submersible sump pump + battery backup.
If you need a budget-friendly option for moderate water intrusion, choose a pedestal sump pump.
If power loss is a big concern, pair your primary pump with a battery or water-powered backup pump.
If you want the most reliable, worry-free system, invest in a combination sump pump system.

How Does a Sump Pump Work?

These are the 7 steps for sump pump mechanism. This will answer the question in depth How does a sump pump work?

Water collects in the sump pit
Float rises with the water level
Float activates the pump motor
Impeller spins, pushing water into the discharge pipe
Check valve prevents backflow
Water is discharged away from the foundation
The water level drops, the float lowers, and the pump turns off

Read more: What you should Know about Basement Waterproofing?